• List objects and people observed in the work of art.

• Construct a circle graph to show the information compiled above.

• Using the data collected have students create story problems that are solved using basic addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division operations.

• What do you see in the foreground? middleground? background?

• How does the artist portray distance? Observe specific ways the artist uses scale and detail to show perspective. Explain.

• Though you can’t actually feel or hear what is happening in this scene, the artist invites you to use your senses to explore it; he encourages you to imagine what you might be able to hear, smell, see, touch or possibly taste.Explain what your senses might discover, using evidence from the painting.

• How would you describe the people depicted and their clothing? What colors, details, and textures catch your eye?

• Why might people be dressed in these colors and textures?How does the environment both impact and reflect choices in clothing?

• Strike a pose similar to someone in this work of art.What if you could be that person? What might your next move be? What might you say to the person next to you?

• How does the artist capture movement?What type of mood does that create?

• This painting depicts the annual harvest festival of the Akan people in a region of West Africa called Ghana. What parts of this work of art indicate a festival-type atmosphere?

• How does this work of art compare to a festival or celebration you have attended? Elaborate and give examples from the work of art.

• Review the cultural origins of Edward Hicks, John Biggers, and Luis Cruz Azaceta.  Learn about their life stories.
• Use each painting as a source for telling stories about the artists.  What do the paintings reveal about each artist?  What can you infer about the artists from their painting?

• As you read or listen to the following quote from the artist, John Biggers, observe areas of the painting that reflect his words:

“Drummers enchant the crowd with a pulsating rhythm that excites performer

 and spectators alike…  The inner happiness that can be shared only with one’s

dearest friend as well as the outgoing gaiety that one can share with all the world

seem mirrored in the faces of the harvest time merrymakers.¹”

• Where do you see evidence of this quote in the painting?

• Hypothesize what type of music the drummers might be playing. Imagine the rhythm of the music’s beat.How does Biggers reflect that rhythm in the painting? Use your device to listen to music that typifies Ghana Harvest festivals.

• What part of the festival does Biggers choose to focus on?Does it surprise you that he chooses not to focus on the royal party under the umbrellas on the left?Why or why not?What would you choose to focus on in a celebration like this?

• Investigate the dimensions of this painting.What do you notice about its size? John Biggers was a teacher at Texas Southern University in Houston, and he was strongly influenced by Mexican murals. How does that relate to what you now know about this painting?

• Biggers’ art can be found in books and many parts of Houston. Use a device to research where to find other examples of Biggers’ art.How do some of the locations exemplify this quote from Biggers: “The role of art is to express the triumph of the human spirit over the mundane and the material…²”

• Compare and contrast other works of Biggers’ art with “Jubilee: Ghana Harvest Festival”.

 

1. John T. Biggers, Ananse, the Web of Life (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1962), p. 93.
2. Fresh Paint: The Houston School (Houston: The Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, 1985), p. 104.

Jubilee: Ghana Harvest Festival is based on a series of drawings by John Biggers that chronicle the rich culture and customs of the Ghana region in West Africa.  The painting depicts the annual harvest festival, which celebrates the cyclical passage of the seasons, the renewal of the earth, and the rhythms of nature that are echoed in the life of the Akan people.  In the foreground, women dressed in white sing the songs of the harvest and dance to the ceremonial drums.  At the left in the background, a royal procession brings the king and queen, covered by great umbrellas, into the scene.  At the far right, men beat out a rhythm on monumental, ceremonial drums.  Biggers has commented,

 

Drummers enchant the crowd with a pulsating rhythm that excites performers and spectators alike…  The inner happiness that can be shared only with one’s dearest friend as well as the outgoing gaiety that one can share with all the world seem mirrored in the faces of the harvest time merrymakers.¹

 

Rather than focusing on the royal party overseeing the festival, Biggers instead provides a panorama of the festival including the joyous participation of both women and children.  To Biggers, the focal point of the celebration was the dance as response to the drums: the swaying rhythms of the women in the foreground dominate the composition.  The repetition of curving lines and forms and areas of white creates a sense of dynamism and movement that is enhanced by the warm colors.  The depiction of richly decorated fabrics reveals Biggers’s eye for detail and pattern.

 

Born in Gastonia, North Carolina, John Biggers was educated at Hampton Institute and received his B.A., M.A. and Ph.D. at Pennsylvania State University.  In 1949 he moved to Houston to establish the art department at Texas Southern University, a new  university for black students.  His interest in his African heritage led him to apply for, and in 1957, receive a UNESCO fellowship to study traditional culture patterns in west Africa.

 

During his long and distinguished career at Texas Southern, Biggers taught three generations of Houston artists and contributed immeasurably to the life of the city.  He was strongly influenced by the tradition of Mexican murals, and all art students at Texas Southern created murals.  Biggers himself contributed many murals to the city, including those at the Blue Triangle Y.M.C.A., the Science Building at TSU, and the Music Hall.  He has said of his work,

 

The role of art is to express the triumph of the human spirit over the mundane and the material.  It is also to express the universal myths and archetypes of the universal family of man….  My motivation is to portray the very rare and unseen spirituality of the Afro-American that is universal for all mankind.²

 

1. John T. Biggers, Ananse, the Web of Life (Austin: University of Texas Press, 1962), p. 93.

2. Fresh Paint: The Houston School (Houston: The Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, 1985), p. 104.