•  Study the Myrtle Wreath and describe, compare, and contrast the subject, materials, construction, and use of the wreath and the quilt.
•  Discuss the concept of a symbol (a visual sign that stands for something else).  List some current symbols (flags, company logos, school mascots, etc.).
•  Explain the use of wreaths in ancient times as symbols of victory.  Have students name some uses of wreaths today.
•  Have students think of victories they have achieved, such as getting a good grade, mastering a new skill, or reading a book.  List these accomplishments on the board.
•  Have students gather leaves from school grounds.  They should look for varied shapes.  Examine closely the leaves’ shapes, textures, and patterns.
•  Teach students to make wreaths.(see Art Lesson: Creating a Wreath)
•  Have a class parade with students wearing their victory wreaths to celebrate their accomplishments.

• Describe the textures, shapes and material in this artwork. Do you think it is hard or soft? Heavy or light?

• What can you say about this object’s volume and depth?

• The overall shape of the object is fairly flat, and so height and width are more prevalent than volume or depth. How does the artist nevertheless create depth in this work? Look at the leaves, and the play of light and shadow.

• What material do you think this object is made from? How can you tell?

• Discuss symmetry and variety in this work. How do they balance each other?

• What ornaments can you see? What does this tell us about the skill of the artist?

• Originally, beads of glass or semi-precious stones were fastened by a wire loop to the center of each blossom. How would the work be different with these ornaments?

• How do you think this object was used? Is it functional or decorative or both?

• This is a wreath of gold myrtle leaves and flowers and was probably found in a tomb. Too fragile to have been worn, the wreath was probably placed in the tomb to symbolize the achievements of the deceased during his lifetime.

• Are the leaves lifelike? Do you think that the artist copied the leaves or that the forms came from his imagination? Why?

• This myrtle wreath is a superb example of ancient naturalism.  The artist closely observed the myrtle leaves and flowers, then rendered them in gold. What associations do you have with myrtle leaves?

• Myrtle, an aromatic evergreen, was a tree sacred to Aphrodite, Greek goddess of love, and was thus a symbol of love.  Also associated with Hades, god of the underworld, myrtle was a symbol of death, making it an appropriate choice for a funerary wreath. Can you think of other funerary artworks that you have seen? How are they different from this wreath?

• In ancient Greece, wearing wreaths made of real plants signified special accomplishments, such as success in athletic contests.  In the summer of 2004, the winning athletes of the Olympic Games in Athens wore olive wreaths as a symbol of victory and merit. Very similar in design to this myrtle wreath, the wreaths worn in 2004 are a direct reference to the laurel and olive wreaths presented to the victors of the ancient Olympic Games.

• What do you think about the practice of burying an object with a person? Do we still do this in our time?

•  Study the Myrtle Wreath.  Describe the subject, materials, construction, and use of the wreath.

•  Discuss the concept  of a symbol (a visual sign that stands for something else).  List some current symbols (flags, company logos, school mascots, etc.).

•  Explain the use of wreaths in ancient times as symbols of victory.  Have students name some uses of wreaths today.

This exquisite wreath of gold myrtle leaves and flowers was probably found in a tomb.  For many years this work of art was identified as a laurel wreath.  Recent scholarship, however, indicates the leaves to be myrtle.  Myrtle, an aromatic evergreen, was a tree sacred to Aphrodite, Greek goddess of love, and was thus a symbol of love.  Also associated with Hades, god of the underworld, myrtle was a symbol of death, making it an appropriate choice for a funerary wreath.  Too fragile to have been worn, the wreath was probably placed in the tomb to symbolize the achievements of the deceased during his lifetime.

 

This myrtle wreath is a superb example of ancient naturalism.  The artist closely observed the myrtle leaves and flowers, then rendered them in gold.  The leaves and blossoms were cut from thin sheets of gold, finished with stamped or incised details, and attached to the gold circle with pieces of gold wire.  Originally, beads of glass or semi-precious stones were fastened by a wire loop to the center of each blossom.

 

This wreath is probably from Macedonia, a region in northern Greece famous as the home of Philip of Macedon and his son, Alexander the Great.  The conquests of Alexander the Great in the fourth century B.C. made the precious materials abundant in Asia Minor and Egypt available to Mediterranean craftsmen.  Trading systems that developed at this time continued to supply artists well into the first century A.D., and the flourishing of metalwork and jewelwork created new techniques that emphasized modeling and fine detailing.

 

The few surviving gold wreaths of antiquity were found in tombs, where they served as grave offerings.  This wreath was reportedly found not far from Corinth in central Greece.  However, it appears to be of Macedonian workmanship.  In the late 1970s, a Macedonian tomb was excavated at Vergina and a wreath very much like this was discovered.

 

In ancient Greece, wearing wreaths made of real plants signified special accomplishments, such as success in athletic contests.  In the summer of 2004, the winning athletes of the Olympic Games in Athens wore olive wreaths as a symbol of victory and merit. Very similar in design to this myrtle wreath, the wreaths worn in 2004 are a direct reference to the laurel and olive wreaths presented to the victors of the ancient Olympic Games.